There are three main types of shell roof.
Shell roof construction details.
Shell roofs can be flat but are typically curved assuming a cylindrical domed paraboloid or ellipsoid shape.
Shell roofs are built with several materials such as in situ reinforced concrete timber steel sheets ceramics glass plastics hard board lattice and composite structure etc.
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The shell emerged as a major long span concrete structure after world war ii.
Shell roofing solutions group commercial roofing.
Columns beams walls etc.
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They are usually constructed of concrete reinforced with steel mesh see shotcrete.
Symposium on concrete shell roof construction 1957 where iv r x y is the deflection of the shell due to the determinant of this system taken equal to the moment m y at the edge x 0 assuming that zero constitutes the buckling condition of a shell 0 rigidly clamped at the edge x 0 and simply v si supported along the remaining edges.
A single barrel shell looks like a long arch and is used in long rectangular structures such as airplane hangars.
Shell construction began in the 1920s.
The single barrel shell multi barrel shell and the continuous barrel.
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The curvature of shell structures benefits from the same structural efficiency as arches which are pure compression forms with no tensile stresses.
Thin parabolic shell vaults stiffened with ribs have been built with spans up to about 300 ft 90 m.
Multi barrel shells often contain arrangements of different sized arches and are often used in public works buildings.
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Continuous barrel roofs are used on large structures such as airports that require multiple shells to cover the floor space.